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Americans Live in Terror of Surprise Medical Bills. Is Help on the Way?

Ed Dolan

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Think you’re fully insured? You could be in for a big surprise if you have a heart attack or a car crash and the ambulance takes you to the nearest hospital — one that is not on your insurer’s list of preferred providers.

Drew Calver found that out when he was billed $109,000 for emergency treatment of a heart attack, even though the emergency room he was taken to assured him it would accept his employer-provided insurance. The problem is, the insurer only paid as much as it would have allowed for an in-network hospital. The out-of-network hospital that treated him wanted three times as much, so it billed Calver for the balance. The bill came to more than twice his annual salary as a high school teacher.

Surprise medical bills are known in medical circles as “balance billing.” Emergency room treatment is one of the most common sources of surprise bills, but not the only one. You may also be on the hook for a balance bill if you receive a complex treatment like a joint replacement or transplant, even if the operation is done at an in-network hospital. Often, it turns out later that some out-of-network practitioner, such as a radiologist or anesthesiologist, has assisted without your even knowing about it, let alone having a chance to give or withhold consent.

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Ed Dolan
Ed Dolan

Written by Ed Dolan

Economist, Senior Fellow at Niskanen Center, Yale Ph.D. Interests include environment, health care policy, social safety net, economic freedom.

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